Welcome Students to 2012 Virtual Class

English Grammar for Advance Students

English grammar present perfect tense

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simple present tense

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INTRODUCTION

Here, we are going to apply previous learn concepts and learn new ones in order to communicate properly in writing, speaking, reading and listening.

Basically, in this unit we learn form and function of the Present Tense, the Present Progressive Tense, Stative Verbs and Actions Verbs. Also, we will review the Present Perfect Tense and the Present Perfect Progressive Tense. At the end of the unit the student will be able to understand and apply the form and functions rules for the Present Tenses. This is a course to ensure student´s success in learning grammar. The purpose is to help students accurately recall grammar points, meaningful contexts, and a clear, easy to-understand format that integrates practice of the rules of essential English grammar with information about when to apply them and what they mean.

Course Objective

To become fluent and to be able to apply grammar Present Tense in everyday situations

To apply previous learn concepts in writing meaningful sentences and to write an informal letter

To learn new vocabulary useful for communicating everyday

To acquire and acquire  new concepts that will enhance fluency in communication

The Simple Present Tense and The Present Progressive Tense

The king of animals is very lazy and sleeps a lot.

He sleeps 20 hours a day.

Look at the photo, he isn´t sleeping.

THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

1.    We form affirmative statements in the simple present tense with a subject + a verb + or a verb + -s or –es. We form negative statements with a subject + do not/ don’t or does not/doesn’t + a verb.

I like football.

Tom likes football.

We don’t like tennis.

Tom doesn’t like baseball.

2.    We form yes/no questions in the simple present tense with do or does + a subject + a verb. In short answers, we use a pronoun subject + do/don’t or does/doesn’t.

A: Do you like soccer?

B: Yes, I do./ No, I don’t.

A: Does Sue like tennis?

B: Yes, she does./No, she doesn’t.

3.    We use the wh- words what, where, when, how, which, why, who, and whom to form wh- questions in the simple present tense. We form these questions in two ways.

a.    If the wh- word is the subject of the question, we do not use the auxiliary verbs do or does, and we do not change the word order of the subject and the verb.

Who wants to play basketball?

b.    If the wh- word is not the subject of the question, we use the wh- word + do or does + the subject + the base verb.

Why do you like baseball?

What does the catcher do in baseball?

THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

4.    We form affirmative statements in the present progressive tense with a subject + the present tense of be + a verb + -ing. We form negative statements with the present tense of be + not + a verb + -ing.

The players are trying to score.

They aren’t succeeding.

5.    We form yes/no questions with the present tense of be + a subject + a verb + -ing. In affirmative short answers, we use a pronoun subject + the present tense of be. In negative short answers, we use a pronoun subject + the present tense of be + not. We usually contract negative short answers.

A: Is our team winning?

B. Yes, it is./No, it isn’t.

A: Are you enjoying the game?

B: Yes, I am./ No, I’m not.

6.    We form wh- questions in the present progressive tense in the same two ways as in the simple present tense, but we use present progressive verb forms.

Who is winning?

Why is that player running now?

In speech and in informal writing, we often contract is with the wh- word.

In speech, we also contract are with the wh- word, but we do not usually write this form.

Who’s speaking?

Where’s he going?

How’s your car running?

Function

1.    Here are the uses of the simple present and the present progressive tenses when we are referring to present time.

The Simple Present Tense	The Present Progressive Tense
a.     To describe repeated actions or habits.	a.     To talk about something which is in progress at the moment of speaking. It is raining right now.
b.    To talk about things that are always or generally true The sun sets in the west. It snows a lot in the winter here.	b.    To talk about something which is in progress around the present, but not exactly at the time of speaking Tony is looking for a new job these days.
c.     To describe a permanent situation or a condition with no definite start or finish but that is true now. They live in Panama city.	c.     To talk about situations which are developing or temporary Computers are becoming more and more important in our lives.
d.    With adverbs of frequency such as always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom/rarely, and never to say how often we do something. If the verb is be, we put the adverb after the verb. If the verb is not be, we put the adverb before the verb. They are seldom late. She often studies in the library.	d.    With adverbs such as always or constantly to express complaints or annoyance. He is always calling me late at night.
e.     With time expressions such as every day/week/year, in the morning/afternoon/evening, and or night. We can put these time expressions at the beginning or the end of a sentence. I go to the store once a week. On weekends, we have dinner at seven.	e.     With time expressions such as now, at the moment, at present, these days, nowadays, and today. We can put these time expressions at the beginning or the end of a sentence. I’m writing and e-mail message right now. These days, I’m using e-mail to keep in touch with my friends.

2.    We also use the simple present and the present progressive tenses to refer to future time.

Practice

1.    Practice

Complete the sentences with the simple present or the present progressive tense. Use the words in parenthesis.

Karen:                        Hi, Dan! What (you/do)_________________ these days?

Dan:               Hi, Karen. I (take)______________a course in computer programming. What about you?

Karen:            Oh, I (work)__________________ at the library until July.

Dan:               (you/like)________________ it?

Karen:            Yes, I ___________________. Right now, they (give)

                        _________________ me a lot of training. Every morning, they (train)_______________________ me for an hour.

I (work)__________________ long hours, and

I (not/get)_________________home until seven. But that´s Ok because I (learn)____________ a lot.

            Dan:               I (look)__________________ for a job, too. It (become)

                        ______________ harder and harder to find a job. Companies (look) _________________for people who are familiar with new computer software.

Karen:            (you/learn)____________________ about all the new software in your course?

Dan:               Yes, I (be)__________________________.

Karen:            How long (the course/run)__________________?

Dan:               It usually (run)____________________ for eight weeks, but I (do)_______________________it in six.

Karen:            (they/give)_________________ you a certificate at the end?

Dan:               Yes, they_____________. They also (give)_____________ students a list of companies to apply for a job.

Dan:               Thanks.